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Roman Theater Orange The Roman Theater of Orange, near Avignon The Roman Theater of Orange, in Provence

The Roman Theater of Orange


2,000 years of history

Orange was a Roman colony called Arausio, founded in 40 B.C. by veterans of Caesar’s Second Gallic regiment. It developed rapidly during the reign of Emperor Augustus and it was at this time, the 1st century A.D., that the Roman Theater of Orange was built.

Theatre's fate

Although highly prized by the Romans, this theatre suffered the same fate as the Roman Empire and it was closed by imperial command in 391 A.D. By this time Christianity had become the de facto state religion and the Church opposed all pagan spectacles. The Roman Theater of Orange was abandoned completely when the Roman empire fell in the 4th century A.D. It was sacked and pillaged by the Barbarians and was used as a defensive post in the Middle Ages. During the 16th century wars of religion it was used as a place of refuge and rapidly filled up with dwellings.

Theatre's rebirth

It was only in the 19th century that the Roman Theater of Orange slowly recovered its original splendour, thanks to the restoration works begun in 1825 at the behest of the author Prosper Mérimée, who then held the position of director of “Monuments Historiques”. The tiered seats were only restored at the end of the 19th century, such was the slowness of the compulsory purchase procedures that had to be put in place.
The Roman Theater of Orange
The Roman Theater of Orange, near Avignon Monument of Provence
The Roman Theater of Orange - View the night

The new stage roof, inaugurated in June, 2006

Monument in Orange near Avignon
After many years of study and thought, the audacious project presented by Didier Repellin, chief architect for historic monuments, was, in the end, accepted. In charge of restoration work on the Villa Médicis in Rome and the Popes´ Palace in Avignon, he worked closely with the AREP agency and the Eiffel company, having collaborated on the renovation of the Grand Palais, and proposed a contemporary structure of glass and steel.

Thus, the immense, over 1000 m² glass roof of the Roman Theatre in Orange is made up of metallic structures on which the glass plates lean. This roof weighs only 200 tons, or 50% less than a construction in wood. To preserve the monument, it does not sit on the Antique stones, but on a gigantic, 61.70 meter cross beam, supported by the side buildings reinforced by injections of lime into the stone.

This project perfectly preserves the unique and extraordinary acoustics of the Roman Theatre in Orange. The roof has been installed at a height of 32 meters, while the human voice rises to only 25 metres and singing to 27. On top of that, an acoustic membrane has been put under the stage´s new cover and acts as a louvre. In integrating the current safety standards, the construction also serves as a support for the lighting and curtain, which, hidden by a thin, metal meshing, fit discretely in to the décor. This stage roof was conceived in a manner to distort neither the landscape nor the monument. The roof is not higher than the northern wall and is not visible from surrounding angles.

© Photos : Gromelle Grand Angle - Culturespaces - Editions Gaud
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